Glioblastom
Das Glioblastom (Glioblastoma multiforme) ist ein hirneigener Tumor, der sich aus den Gliazellen, dem Stützgewebe des Gehirns, entwickelt. Laut WHO-Klassifikation wird dieser aggressiv wachsende Tumor als Grad 4 eingestuft und gilt bis heute als unzureichend therapierbar.
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Histology of Glioblastoma
- features necrosis and hemorrhage
- high poliferation and fast growth
- very malignant
Epidemology of Glioblastoma
- average age between 45 and 60, but also younger patients can be affected
- twice as often in men
Symptoms of Glioblastoma
- signs of intracranial pressure, neurological failures or epileptical seizures
- headache
- dizziness
- emesis
- vision impairment
Diagnosing Glioblastoma
- very short anamnesis of weeks or a few months
- diagnosis using MRI scan, CT scan, biopsy
- irregularly, highly receptive contrast agent
- central decreased contrast enhancing (hypodense center)
- diffuse infiltration of surrounding brain tissue
- tendency to high-volume central necoris and peritumorous edema
- main location: cerebral hemisppheres and corpus callosum ("butterfly glioma")
- surrounded by an expanded white matter edema
- at diagnosis often bigger than 2 cm
- misdiagnosis: e.g. stroke
Therapy of Glioblastoma
- surgerey
- radioherapy on tumour volume and safety margin of 2 cm
- chemotherapy
- clinical trial
Therapy of Recurrent Glioblastoma
- renewed surgery
- second radiotherapy
- chemotherapy
- clinical trial
Course of Glioblastoma
- relatively fast growth with infiltration of surrounding tissue
- recurrence even after successful surgery / therapy usually within one year
